In the 3rd Year of the Tianci Era during the Ming Dynasty (1623 AD), the Dutch built a simple brick fort at Anping. This was the beginning of the Anping Fort. In 1624 the Dutch left Penghu for Taiwan proper and began building a new and larger fortress on the site of the old fort. This was known as "Orange City", "Zeelandia" or "Tayoan City". The new construction included an "Inner Fort" for administration and an "Outer Fort" for defense. At the time, the fortress was the hub of Dutch rule in Taiwan and their foreign trade.

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　In 1662 Koxinga successfully drove the Dutch out of the Zeelandia and three generations of the Koxinga family made it their base for their campaign to overthrow the Qing Dynasty and restore the Ming Dynasty. It was therefore also known as the "Royal City". After Taiwan was annexed by the Qing Dynasty, the political center was moved to Fucheng and the fortress gradually fell into disrepair. Folklore has it that the bricks and stones of the fort were taken by local residents for building their houses and by the Qing imperial government for building the "Eternal Golden Castle".

　After the Liberation, the site was renamed "Anping Fort". The Anping Fort Museum and Observation Platform seen today were in fact the Customs dormitory built during the Japanese Colonial Period for tourist purposes after the Liberation. The surviving Dutch ruins consist of only two sections of semi-circular tower foundations from the Inner Fort below the northern platform, as well as a section of brick wall from the Outer Fort along the road in front of the Fort. These offer a haunting reminder of the past.

　The Anping Fort is now a Class 1 national historical monument, so the Tainan County has converted some of the spaces into exhibition galleries for tourism. These not only host the government's own collection of cultural relics but also feature rare artifacts on loan from private organizations such as the Chimei Museum. Restoration efforts throughout the park have also served to preserve the historical walls and buildings, so visiting tourists can not only peruse the cultural relics but also get an idea of how prosperous Anping once was.